Renaissance Art
Renaissance Art
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| Image source:-www.oxfordartonline.com/page/renaissance-art-and-architecture |
The Renaissance began during the 14th century and remained the dominant style in Italy, and much of Europe, until the 16th century. The 14th century was a time of great crisis; the plague, the Hundred Years War, and the turmoil in the Catholic Church all shook people’s faith in government, religion, and their fellow man. In this dark period, Europeans sought a new start, a cultural rebirth, a renaissance. The Renaissance was a period when scholars and artists began to investigate what they believed to be a revival of classical learning, literature, and art. It was a period between The 14th-16th century that devalued the medieval era before it in favor of a new brighter era that would draw inspiration from the Greek and
Roman traditions of antiquity. The renaissance was a complete shift and placed a high value on knowledge and personal responsibility. The art during this time is known for its realistic scenery, linear perspective, and its innovative light and dark shadowing
Proto-Renaissance
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| Image source:-www.ruf.rice.edu/~fellows/hart206/protoren.htm |
The term "Proto-Renaissance" refers to the pre-Renaissance period in Italy, and the activities of progressive painters such as Giotto who pioneered the new form of figurative "realism", which was fully developed by artists during the era of Renaissance art proper. Giotto's groundbreaking art did not, however, represent the European or even the Italian mainstream
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Early Renaissance Art (1401-the 1490s)
During the first decade of the 15th century, Early Renaissance art began to emerge in Florence, Building upon Proto-Renaissance art, including the work of Proto-Renaissance artists like Cimabue and Giotto. Florentine and other Tuscan artists such as Filippo Brunelleschi, Donatello, Masaccio, and Andrea Mantegna, instigated a series of discoveries and improvements in all the visuals which effectively revolutionized the face of public and private art in Italy and beyond. It even influenced the conservative Sienese School of painting in Siena. the Early Renaissance was centered on Florence and patronized by the Florentine Medici family but it eventually spread throughout Italy.
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| Image source:-Sandro Botticelli, La Primavera, 1477-82 | © Uffizi Gallery/WikiCommons |
Early Renaissance painting strove to achieve greater realism in all their works. faces now became more life-like, bodies were painted in more realistic postures and poses, and figures began to express real emotion, In contrast to the flat, stiff images of Byzantine art. At the same time, great efforts were made to create realistic 'depth' in paintings. Early Renaissance sculptors took inspiration directly from Classical Roman and Greek sculpture. But they were not slavish imitators. They imbued their free-standing figures with a range of emotions and filled them with energy and thought. One of the Famous artists:-
Donatello was an Italian sculptor. He was the most imaginative and versatile Florentine sculptor of the early Renaissance, famous for his rendering of human characters and his dramatic narratives. He achieved these ends by studying ancient Roman sculpture and amalgamating its ideas with an acute and sympathetic observation of everyday life.
Leonardo da Vinci was an Italian painter, sculptor, architect, designer, theorist, engineer, and scientist. He was the founding father of what is called the High Renaissance style and exercised an enormous influence on contemporary and later artists. His writings on art helped establish the ideals of representation and expression that were to dominate European academies for the next 400 years. The standards he set in figure draughts manship, handling of space, depiction of light and shade, representation of landscape, the evocation of character, and techniques of narrative radically transformed the range of art. Although he brought relatively few works to completion, and even fewer have survived, Leonardo was responsible for some of the most influential images in the history of art. The ‘Mona Lisa’ (Paris, Louvre) may fairly be described as the world’s most famous painting.
transformed the Byzantine style of his early paintings into another, wholly Western manner. He was active in his native Crete, in Venice, and Rome, and, during the second half of his life, in Toledo. He was renowned in his lifetime for his originality and extravagance and provides one of the most curious examples of the oscillations of taste in the evaluation of a painter, and of the changes of interpretation to which an artist’s work can be submitted.
Donatello [Donato di Niccolo di Betto Bardi ]
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| Image source:-learnodo-newtonic.com/donatello-famous-works |
Donatello was an Italian sculptor. He was the most imaginative and versatile Florentine sculptor of the early Renaissance, famous for his rendering of human characters and his dramatic narratives. He achieved these ends by studying ancient Roman sculpture and amalgamating its ideas with an acute and sympathetic observation of everyday life.
High Renaissance Art (the 1490s-1527)
High Renaissance art was the dominant style in Italy during the 16th century. Mannerism also developed during this period. High Renaissance art is deemed as “High” because it is seen as the period in which the artistic aims and goals of the Renaissance reached their greatest application.
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| Image source:-Titian, Bacchus and Ariadne, 1520-23 | © National Gallery/WikiCommons |
High Renaissance art is characterized by references to classical art and the delicate application of developments from the Early Renaissance. Overall, works from the High Renaissance display restrained beauty where all of the parts are subordinate to the cohesive component of the whole. While earlier Renaissance artists would stress the perspective of work or the technical aspects of a painting, High Renaissance artists were willing to sacrifice technical principles to create a more beautiful, harmonious whole. One of the Famous artists:-
Leonardo da Vinci
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| Image source:-winspiremagazine.com/blog/monalisa-painting-history-significance/ |
Leonardo da Vinci was an Italian painter, sculptor, architect, designer, theorist, engineer, and scientist. He was the founding father of what is called the High Renaissance style and exercised an enormous influence on contemporary and later artists. His writings on art helped establish the ideals of representation and expression that were to dominate European academies for the next 400 years. The standards he set in figure draughts manship, handling of space, depiction of light and shade, representation of landscape, the evocation of character, and techniques of narrative radically transformed the range of art. Although he brought relatively few works to completion, and even fewer have survived, Leonardo was responsible for some of the most influential images in the history of art. The ‘Mona Lisa’ (Paris, Louvre) may fairly be described as the world’s most famous painting.
Late Renaissance
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| Image source:-www.wikiart.org/en/artists-by-art-movement/mannerism-late-renaissance |
The first reaction against Leonardo, Michelangelo, Raphael, and Andrea del Sarto occurred in Florence between 1515 and 1524, during which time the painters Giovanni Battista and Jacopo Carrucci Pontormo decisively broke away from the harmony and naturalism of the High Renaissance style. Their movement, particularly what might be called their aesthetic anarchy, attracted the sympathetic attention of some 20th-century art historians, largely because of the affinities such art historians saw between their work and modern trends, particularly Expressionism. One of the famous artist:-
El Greco
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Reference
www.oxfordartonline.com/page/renaissance-art-and-architecture
www.history.com/topics/renaissance/renaissance-art
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